Ion transport in electrochromic nickel oxide thin films

Dynamic process of ion injection into nickel oxide him in both KOH and LiCl O4-PC electrolyte were studied using electrochemical measurement. Cottrell and Butler-Volmer current-time relations were applied to obtain ion diffusi on coefficient D and exchange current I-ex by fitting the experimental data . Results showed that the him displays complex transport behavior which dep ends on the deposition rate of the film, the environment and sequence of he at treatment, the adopted electrolyte. The change of the number of the oxyg en and nickel vacancies are suggested to be responsible for the phenomena. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.