Spontaneous perirenal hematoma (SPH) is a clinical entity that poses a diag
nostic and therapeutic challenge, We report a case of SPH in an adult where
the cause could not be determined at first presentation, even with compute
d tomography (CT) of the abdomen and angiography. He was under close follow
-up, and it was only with a repeat CT scan after 3 months that a mass lesio
n in the kidney was identified as the underlying cause. We also present a r
eview of the literature so that a logical approach can be adopted for this
problem, Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel.