Insulin resistance early in adulthood in subjects born with intrauterine growth retardation

Citation
D. Jaquet et al., Insulin resistance early in adulthood in subjects born with intrauterine growth retardation, J CLIN END, 85(4), 2000, pp. 1401-1406
Citations number
26
Categorie Soggetti
Endocrynology, Metabolism & Nutrition","Endocrinology, Nutrition & Metabolism
Journal title
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
ISSN journal
0021972X → ACNP
Volume
85
Issue
4
Year of publication
2000
Pages
1401 - 1406
Database
ISI
SICI code
0021-972X(200004)85:4<1401:IREIAI>2.0.ZU;2-B
Abstract
In a case-control study that investigated the effect of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) on glucose homeostasis, 20-yr-old adults born with IUGR were shown to be hyperinsulinemic in an oral glucose tolerance test, sugge stive of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to ascertain the dec reased insulin sensitivity in young IUGR-born adults compared to that in co ntrols. We studied 20 IUGR-born subjects and 25 controls, aged 25 yr. Insul in sensitivity was assessed by peripheral glucose uptake and monitoring fre e fatty acid (FFA) concentrations under euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. The percent body fat was significantly higher in the IUGR group (27.2 +/- 7 .6% us. 22.0 +/- 7.3%; P = 0.02), contrasting with comparable body mass ind ex in both groups. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was significantly lowe r in IUGR-born subjects than in controls (6.7 +/- 2.9 vs. 8.0 +/- 1.9 mg/kg fat-free mass min; P = 0.05), and the difference remained significant afte r adjustment for body mass index, total body fat, or waist to hip ratio. In IUGR-born subjects, insulin-stimulated FFA suppression correlated signific antly with peripheral glucose uptake (r(2) = 0.23; P = 0.02). First phase i nsulin release in the iv glucose tolerance test, adjusted for insulin sensi tivity, did not significantly differ between IUGR and control groups (442 /- 284 vs. 391 +/- 209 pmol/L; P = 0.86). In conclusion, IUGR subjects have decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake as early as 25 yr of age witho ut major impairment of insulin secretion. Low glucose uptake is associated with a lesser degree of FFA suppression in adipose tissue, which suggests a role of adipose tissue at an early stage of insulin resistance in these su bjects.