Fm. Van Der Sande et al., Energy transfer is the single most important factor for the difference in vascular response between isolated ultrafiltration and hemodialysis, J AM S NEPH, 11(8), 2000, pp. 1512-1517
Differences in vascular reactivity between isolated ultrafiltration (i-UF)
and hemodialysis (UF + HD) have been attributed to various factors, includi
ng differences in core temperature (CT) and energy transfer (ET). However,
the relative importance of these thermal factors is not known. The aim of t
his study was to elucidate to what extent differences in ET are responsible
for the divergent vascular response between i-UF and UF + HD. During four
different dialysis treatments in 15 patients, four measurements were perfor
med that consisted of 1 h of i-UF, UF + HD at a dialysate temperature (T-d)
of 37.5 degrees C (UF + HD37.5), UF + HD at T-d 35.5 degrees C (UF + HD35.
5) and UF + HD with a similar ET as during i-UF(UF + HDET-set). The UF rate
in all sessions was 1 L/h. CT (degrees C) decreased significantly during i
-UF and UF + HDET-set (P < 0.05), increased significantly during UF + HD37.
5 (P < 0.05), and remained unchanged during UF + HD35.5 (NS). Forearm vascu
lar reactivity increased significantly during i-UF, UF + HDET-set, and UF HD35.5 (P < 0.05), but not during UF + HD37.5 (NS). Venous tone increased
significantly during i-UF, UF + HD35.5, and UF + HDET-set (P < 0.05), and d
ecreased significantly during UF + HD37.5 (P < 0.05). When i-UF and UF + HD
are matched for ET, all differences in vascular response disappear, showin
g that differences in ET are the single most important factor for the obser
ved difference in vascular response between i-UF and UF + HD. In contrast t
o UF + HD37.5, vascular reactivity was improved when the increase in CT was
prevented during UF + HD35.5 and appeared to increase more when CT was low
ered. Preventing the increase in CT during UF + HD appears to be mandatory
for optimization of hemodynamic stability during dialysis.