We compare the effects of spherical aberration on the penetration depth of
single-photon and two-photon excitation for instances in which the aberrati
on is caused by the refractive-index mismatch when a beam is focused throug
h an interface. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that two-
photon fluorescence imaging experiences less spherical aberration and can t
hus propagate to a deeper depth within a thick medium. (C) 2000 Optical Soc
iety of America OCIS Codes: 180.1790, 180.2520, 180.6900.