We present far-UV observations of the Crab Nebula and its pulsar made with
the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescop
e. Broad, blueshifted absorption arising in the nebula is seen in C IV lamb
da 1550, reaching a blueward velocity of similar to 2500 km s(-1). This can
be interpreted as evidence for a fast outer shell surrounding the Crab Neb
ula, and we adopt a spherically symmetric model to constrain the properties
of such a shell. From the line profile we find that the density appears to
decrease outward in the shell. A likely lower limit to the shell mass is s
imilar to 0.3 M-circle dot with an accompanying kinetic energy of similar t
o 1.5 x 10(49) ergs. A fast massive shell with 10(51) ergs cannot be exclud
ed but is less likely if the density profile is much steeper than rho(R) pr
oportional to R-4 and the maximum velocity is less than or similar to 6000
km (-1). The observations cover the region 1140-1720 Angstrom, which is fur
ther into the ultraviolet than has previously been obtained for the pulsar.
With the time-tag mode of the spectrograph we obtain the pulse profile in
this spectral regime. The profile is similar to that previously obtained by
us in the near-UV, although the primary peak is marginally narrower. Toget
her with the near-UV data, and new optical data from the Nordic Optical Tel
escope, our spectrum of the Crab pulsar covers the entire region from 1140
to 9250 Angstrom. Dereddening the spectrum with a standard extinction curve
we achieve a flat spectrum for the reddening parameters E(B - V) = 0.52, R
= 3.1. This dereddened spectrum of the Crab pulsar can be fitted by a powe
r law with spectral index alpha(nu) = 0.11 +/- 0.04. The main uncertainty i
n determining the spectral index is the amount and characteristics of the i
nterstellar reddening, and we have investigated the dependence of ct, on E(
B-V) and R. In the extended emission covered by our 25 " x 0 ".5 slit in th
e far-UV, we detect C Iv lambda 1550 and He II lambda 1640 emission lines f
rom the Crab Nebula Several interstellar absorption lines are detected alon
g the line of sight to the pulsar. The Ly alpha absorption indicates a colu
mn density of (3.0 +/- 0.5) x 10(21) cm(-2) of neutral hydrogen, which agre
es well with our estimate of E(B - V) = 0.52 mag. Other lines show no evide
nce of severe depletion of metals in atomic gas.