O. Urdahl et al., VISCOSITY MEASUREMENTS OF WATER-IN-CRUDE-OIL EMULSIONS UNDER FLOWING CONDITIONS - A THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPROACH, Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects, 123, 1997, pp. 623-634
The influence of emulsion viscosity on multiphase flow calculations is
discussed and illustrated with a simple example. Existing methods for
calculation and determination of the effective viscosity of a real hy
drocarbon/water system under realistic field conditions have been revi
ewed and are discussed in relation to their applicability. An experime
ntal method using a high-pressure test wheel for flow simulation is un
der development for the specific purpose of measuring rheological prop
erties in hydrocarbon gas/water/oil systems under realistic conditions
, i.e. pressure, temperature and shear. This method is illustrated by
measurements performed on a North Sea crude.