Jan. Lee et al., The US bombes, NCR, Joseph Desch, and 600 WAVES: The first reunion of the US naval computing machine laboratory, IEEE AN HIS, 22(3), 2000, pp. 27-41
The code-breaking activities of the British Government Code & Cipher School
at Bletchley Park have dominated our understanding of the secret war to in
filtrate the message system of the German forces in Europe between 1939 and
1945. This is the story of the US Navy's response to the need to gain inte
lligence to win the Battle of the Atlantic in 1941 and 1942, the competitiv
e development of mechanical code-breaking systems, and the contributions of
NCR engineer Joseph Desch and 600 Navy WAVES.