A low drive voltage of similar to 5 V at 40 GHz has been achieved in a full
y packaged, broad-band LiNbO3 modulator. The excellent response is attribut
ed to nearly perfect velocity and impedance matching, along with very long
electrodes (41 mm), low electrode losses, and minimal packaging effects. Ve
ry accurate frequency-dependent drive voltages are obtained by the use of i
ndependent sets of measurements.