I. Murakami et al., Technologies to improve photo-sensitivity and reduce VOD shutter voltage for CCD image sensors, IEEE DEVICE, 47(8), 2000, pp. 1566-1572
New technologies to increase the photo-sensitivity and I-educe the shutter
voltage of the vertical over-flow-drain (VOD) have been developed for CCD i
mage sensors. The photo-sensitivity was increased 40% by forming an anti-re
flection film over the photo-diode and reducing the thickness of the p(+)-l
aver formed at the photo-diode surface, The VOD shutter voltage was reduced
from 31 to 18 V bg using an epitaxially grown substrate with double impuri
ty concentration layers.