European surveillance on Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a case-control study for medical risk factors

Medical risk factors for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) were analyzed in a prospective ongoing case-control study based on European CJD surveillance. Detailed data on past and recent medical history were analyzed in 405 case s and controls matched by sex, age, and hospital. Data were correlated with polymorphism at codon 129 of the prion protein gene. Our analysis did not support a number of previously reported associations and failed to identify any common medical risk factor for CJD. Although not statistically signifi cant, brain surgery was associated with an increased risk of CJD. A detaile d medical history should be obtained in every suspected CJD case in order t o identify iatrogenic sources of CJD. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All ri ghts reserved.