A natural case of salpingitis, apparently caused by Mycoplasma gallise
pticum (MG), in layer chickens is described. In the flock from which t
he chickens originated, there was a 3 to 4% drop in egg production per
month around 250 days old. The production was reduced 70% at 400 days
of age, which was 77% of the predisease level. Salpingitis was charac
terized by marked thickening of the oviductal mucosa due to epithelial
hyperplasia and marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Colonization o
f MG on the epithelial surface was evidenced by electron microscopy an
d immunohistochemistry using rabbit hyperimmune serum against the S6 s
train of MG. Antibodies to MG were detected in ail the chickens examin
ed.