T. Matsui et al., Anther dehiscence in two-rowed barley (Hordeum distichum) triggered by mechanical stimulation, J EXP BOT, 51(348), 2000, pp. 1319-1321
Pricking or pressing an ovary can induce anther dehiscence in cleistogamous
two-rowed barley in the absence of lodicule swelling. This response is con
sidered to be inherited from a chasmogamous ancestor in which anther dehisc
ence is induced by the stimulus given to the pistil by the lodicule swellin
g, which causes floret opening.