The contribution of radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RCNAA) to tr
ace-element analysis of biological materials in the last decades is outline
d. Presently, the use of RCNAA is declining since various powerful non-nucl
ear techniques for trace-element analysis have become available, strongly c
ompeting with RCNAA. This necessitates a re-evaluation of the position of R
CNAA versus other analytical techniques for trace element analysis of biolo
gical materials. On the basis of the characteristic features of RCNAA and t
he capabilities of competing non-nuclear analytical techniques, possible fu
ture niches for RCNAA in the analytical market are indicated.