R. Chandrika et al., Full-length tobacco mosaic virus RNAs and defective RNAs have different 3 ' replication signals, VIROLOGY, 273(1), 2000, pp. 198-209
The viral replicase complex of positive-stranded RNA viruses interacts with
cis-acting elements that are usually located at the termini of the viral R
NAs. On comparison of the replication requirement of a tobacco mosaic virus
(TMV)-based defective RNA (dRNA) and its helper virus, we found different
requirements for replication of TMV RNAs in cis and in trans. The level of
replication of full-length TMV RNA-decreased substantially in the absence o
f pseudoknot(pk) 1 and/or 2, whereas identical deletions in dRNAs did not a
ffect their replication. However, pk3 was required for replication of both
full-length TMV RNAs and dRNAs. The requirements for homologous sequences w
ere greater for dRNA replication than for replication of full-length TMV RN
As. Defective RNAs with heterologous 3' nontranslated regions (NTRs) failed
to be replicated or replicated minimally, whereas replication of similarly
mutated full-length RNAs was much less affected, increasing amounts of con
tiguous heterologous sequences in the dRNAs compensated for the impaired in
teractions between the replicase and 3' NTR. The precision requirement appe
ared to involve the terminal 28 nucleotides, specifically the pseudoknot in
the aminoacyl acceptor arm of the tRNA like structure, which was important
in replication of both dRNAs and full-length TMV RNAs. (C) 2000 Academic P
ress.