Successful treatment of cap polyposis by avoidance of intraluminal trauma:Clues to pathogenesis

"Cap polyposis" is a rarely-encountered condition in which distinctive infl ammatory polyps are located from the rectum to the distal descending colon. Microscopically, the polyps consist of elongated, tortuous, and distended crypts covered by a "cap" of inflammatory granulation tissue. Although the pathogenesis is unknown, mucosal prolapse has been postulated to be an impo rtant etiological factor, given certain clinical and histological similarit ies. We describe two cases of cap polyposis with protein-losing enteropathy . One was treated successfully by avoidance of straining at defecation. Ano ther resolved after double-barreled transverse colostomy. Both successful t reatments support a causal link of polyposis to prolapse. (C) 2000 by Am. C ell. of Gastroenterology.