Community-based service delivery in rehabilitation: The promise and the paradox

Purpose: According to many researchers, rehabilitation is being prevented f rom developing as a distinct profession due to two major problems. First, i t has been claimed that rehabilitation is in need of a professional identit y and a sense of cohesion if it is to emerge as a discipline. Second, it ha s been recognized that there is a need for a rehabilitation framework to ch allenge the restorative approach that continues to dominate rehabilitation, linking it back to the medical model from which it has attempted to escape . The model of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is offered as a model t hat can provide the impetus for an attitudinal shift from the restorative t radition and unite rehabilitation workers through a cohesive framework. Method: Unfortunately, the implementation of community based rehabilitation in urban societies has been disappointing. The current paper is a conceptu al discussion of community-based rehabilitation that explores some potentia l causes of this poor implementation. Results: To some extent, the implementation failure of community-based reha bilitation can be attributed to the paradoxes that are inherent in its fund amental constructs-empowerment and community inclusion. These paradoxes occ ur at a conceptual level, a practical level and a contextual level. Conclusions: Some solutions are offered to enable the paradigm to be implem ented more fully. In particular, it is suggested that there is a need to de velop useful working definitions of these constructs, favourable attitudes among rehabilitation workers and a focus on community development.