Objective:To investigate whether the antioxidative sedatives propofol and t
hiopental can improve recovery from acute paraquat toxicity in A549 cells a
nd in mice. Design: Prospective, controlled, dose-response, in vitro study
and prospective, controlled animal study. Setting: A university animal rese
arch laboratory. Subjects: Established human lung cultured cells and male S
PF ICR mice. Interventions: Paraquat-treated (0.2 mM) A549 cells were incub
ated either with the antioxidative sedatives propofol (0-0.56 mM) or thiope
ntal (0-2.0 mM), or the non-antioxidative sedatives diazepam (0-3.0 mM), mi
dazolam (0-3.0 mM) and ketamine (0-9.0 mM), as well as the antioxidative dr
ugs, trolox (0-2.0 mM), alpha-tocopherol (0-4.4 mM), antioxidative-processe
d food (AOB; 0-1.0 mg/ml), superoxide dismutase (SOD; 0 and 3,000 U/ml) and
ulinastatin (0 and 50,000 U/ml), for 48 h. Paraquat treated mice received
i. v. injections of 10 mg/kg propofol, 5 mg/kg thiopental, 4.0 mg/kg trolox
, 100 mg/kg alpha-tocopherol, 10 mg/kg AOB or 5,000 U/kg SOD, b. i. d. for
4 days (n = 10 each). Measurements and results: Post-administered propofol
and thiopental, as well as the antioxidative drugs, trolox, alpha-tocophero
l and AOB, improved A549 cell survival in vitro. The non-antioxidative seda
tives SOD and ulinastatin were not protective. An i. p. injection of 50 mg/
kg of paraquat resulted in a survival rate of 40 % in mice at day 6. Propof
ol, trolox, alpha- tocopherol and AOB significantly lowered the mortality r
ate (80 % survival), while thiopental did not. Conclusion: Post i. v. injec
tion of propofol is protective against paraquat-induced damage. Propofol ca
n be given during mechanical ventilatory support after paraquat poisoning.