Evidence from 2 samples of Air Force mechanics supported the hypothesis tha
t contextual performance affects employees' career advancement and rewards
over time. Results of hierarchical regressions controlling for experience s
howed task performance and contextual performance each predicted systemic r
ewards. Each facet explained separate variance in promotability ratings ove
r 2 years. In both samples, contextual performance explained separate varia
nce in informal rewards but task performance did not. Task performance expl
ained incremental variance in career advancement 1 year later but contextua
l performance did not. Analyses using correlations corrected for unreliabil
ity suggest these results cannot be attributed to measurement error. Contex
tual performance still explained separate variance in informal rewards, and
task performance explained distinct variance in career advancement a year
later.