Deposition and characterization of screen-printed porous multi-layer thickfilm structures from semiconducting and conducting nanomaterials for use in photovoltaic devices
S. Burnside et al., Deposition and characterization of screen-printed porous multi-layer thickfilm structures from semiconducting and conducting nanomaterials for use in photovoltaic devices, J MAT S-M E, 11(4), 2000, pp. 355-362
Three-layer structures of thick (> 5 mu m) films of nanosized titanium diox
ide, zirconium dioxide, and carbon have been screen-printed on a semi-produ
ction level for use in photosensitized photovoltaic devices. The films have
been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffrac
tion (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption. The rheology of the screen-
printing pastes has been measured, and qualitatively matched to the quality
of the resultant film. Three titanium dioxide candidates were evaluated fo
r performance. At low light levels (< 300 lux, i.e., typical indoor light l
evels), photosensitized photovoltaic modules made from these screen-printed
structures exhibited equal or superior performance to a commercially avail
able amorphous silicon module.