The heritage and culture of rural communities along Florida's Big Bend coas
tline in the Gulf of Mexico have been linked intrinsically a with commercia
l fisheries for generations. Over the past decade, closures of oyster harve
sting grounds and a state-imposed ban on gill nets triggered economic decli
ne and depression in this area. A transition to shellfish aquaculture as an
alternative employment opportunity has been facilitated through the recent
federally funded, job-retraining programs. Since 1993 when the first progr
am graduates were placed with leases, the industry has grown and now suppor
ts over 300 hard clam. Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnnaeus, 1758), growout ope
rations on 950 acres of state-owned submerged lands with sales (farm gate v
alue) estimated at $10 million in 1997. The promise of prosperity has creat
ed a new excitement and common bond among the individuals of these communit
ies. With a renewed sense of purpose and cohesion, people are working toget
her to promote their livelihoods, and above all, to protect the coastal wat
ers so critical to the success of these ventures. This revitalization has a
lso spurred a reaction and responsiveness to the emergent industry by local
governments and by state and federal agencies. Citizens of Cedar Key have
formed advisory groups to work closely with elected officials and agency re
presentatives in the planning and implementation of a wide range of water q
uality activities. These include storm water and wastewater treatment, envi
ronmental education, and water quality monitoring programs. Sustainable har
d-clam aquaculture operations have proven to be an excellent opportunity to
both protect and preserve the region's environmental qualities as well as
support economic activity.