The effect of aging on horizontal plane sound localization

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of aging on sound local ization. Seven groups of 16 subjects, aged 10-81 years, were tested. Sound localization was assessed using six different arrays of four or eight louds peakers that surrounded the subject in the horizontal plane, at a distance of 1 m. For two 4-speaker arrays, one loudspeaker was positioned in each sp atial quadrant, on either side of the midline or the interaural axis, respe ctively. For four 8-speaker arrays, two loudspeakers were positioned in eac h quadrant, one close to the midline and the second separated from the firs t by 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, or 60 degrees. Three different 300 -ms stimuli were localized: two one-third-octave noise bands, centered at 0 .5 and 4 kHz, and broadband noise. The stimulus level (75 dB SPL) was well above hearing threshold for all subjects tested, Over the age range studied , percent-correct sound-source identification judgments decreased by 12%-15 %. Performance decrements were apparent as early as the third decade of lif e. Broadband noise was easiest to localize (both binaural and spectral cues were available), and the 0.5-kHz noise band, the most difficult to localiz e (primarily interaural temporal difference cue available). Accuracy was re latively higher in front of than behind the head, and errors were largely f ront/back mirror image reversals. A left-sided superiority was evident unti l the fifth decade of life. The results support the conclusions that the pr ocessing of spectral information becomes progressively less efficient with aging, and is generally worse for sources on the right side of space. (C) 2 000 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(00)03408-1].