Structure, aerodynamics, and geometry of premixed flamelets

Recent advances in the understanding of the structure, dynamics, and geomet ry of laminar premixed flames under the influence of stretch, as manifested by aerodynamic straining, flame curvature, and flame/flow unsteadiness, ar e reviewed and presented in a tutorial manner. The discussion first treats the flame as a structureless surface which propagates into the fresh mixtur e with a constant velocity-the laminar flame speed, and the phenomena of cu sp formation and volumetric burning rate augmentation through flame wrinkli ng are demonstrated. It is then shown that by considering the effects of st retch on the flame structure, and by allowing for mixture nonequidiffusion, the flame responses, especially the flame speed, can be quantitatively as well as qualitatively modified. By using the stretch-affected flame speed, we then describe the phenomena of cusp broadening, of tip opening of the Bu nsen flame, and of the intrinsic hydrodynamic, body-force and diffusional-t hermal modes of flamefront cellular instabilities. Additional topics covere d include forced and intrinsic oscillatory flame dynamics, and quantitative extraction of the global flame parameters represented by the activation en ergy, the Markstein length, and the Lewis number. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.