This paper begins with an analysis of race as a social construction and the
n follows the argument that, at a deep structural level, race and racism ar
e organized by the same rational-irrational polarity of Enlightenment philo
sophy that informs psychoanalytic structural theory. The heart of the paper
is formed by two case examples, one from my own practice and one from Lear
y (1997). I argue that unconscious racism is to be expected in our clinical
work at this point in history and that truly reparative efforts depend on
an acknowledgement of racism in the transference-countertransference matrix
.