Mercury speciation in sediments affected by dumped mining residues in the drainage area of the Idrija mercury mine, Slovenia

Mercury (Hg) concentrations and Hg phases were investigated in contaminated sediments and flooded soils in the drainage area of the Idrija Hg mine, Sl ovenia. The main aim of this study was the analytical separation and quanti fication of cinnabar (HSS) and noncinnabar Hg compounds in sediments contam inated by mining residues. Separation of Hg phases was performed by means o f a solid-phase-Hg-thermo-desorption technique complemented by selective ex traction of organically bound Hg. Speciation measurements indicate the occu rrence of two major Hg forms: cinnabar the primary ore and an unspecified g roup of matrix-bound, noncinnabar Hg compounds. The results show that Hg co ncentrations and dispersion of the two Hg phases within the river system de pend on the distribution of different sediment grain size fractions. Accumu lation of cinnabar predominately occurs in coarse grained river sediments, where it constitutes on average more than 80% of total Hg (up to 1000 mg/kg ) in present- and past day sediments. In contrast noncinnabar Hg was found to be enriched in areas where fine grained material was deposited reaching up to 40% of Hg-tot (1-60 mg/kg) in flooded soils and up to 55% (<1-18 mg/k g) in sediments of the Gulf of Trieste.