Crushed stents in benign left brachiocephalic vein stenoses

Two hemodialysis patients presenting with left venous arm congestion due to benign catheter-induced stenosis of the left brachiocephalic vein were tre ated by angioplasty and stent placement. External compression of the stents was responsible for rapid recurrence of the symptoms. No osseous or vascul ar malformation could be identified. Mechanical constraints induced by resp iratory chest wall motion and aortic arch flow-related pulsation are propos ed to explain this observation. This potential hazard should be considered when stent placement into the left brachiocephalic vein is advocated. (J Va sc Surg 2000;32:392-6.).