G. Achaz et al., Analysis of intrachromosomal duplications in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A possible model for their origin, MOL BIOL EV, 17(8), 2000, pp. 1268-1275
The complete genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated
for intrachromosomal duplications at the level of nucleotide sequences. The
analysis was performed by looking for long approximate repeats (from 30 to
3,885 bp) present on each of the chromosomes. We show that direct and inve
rted repeats exhibit very different characteristics: the two copies of dire
ct repeats are more similar and longer than those of inverted repeats. Furt
hermore, contrary to the inverted repeats, a large majority of direct repea
ts appear to be closely spaced. The distance (delta) between the two copies
is generally smaller than 1 kb. Further analysis of these "close direct re
peats" shows a negative correlation between delta and the percentage of ide
ntity between the two copies, and a positive correlation between delta and
repeat length. Moreover, contrary to the other categories of repeats, close
direct repeats are mostly located within coding sequences (CDSs). We propo
se two hypotheses in order to interpret these observations: first, the dele
tion/conversion rate is negatively correlated with delta; second, there exi
sts an active duplication mechanism which continuously creates close direct
repeats, the other intrachromosomal repeats being the result, by chromosom
al rearrangements of these "primary repeats."