Transdisciplinary concepts and measures of craving: commentary and future directions

A new theoretical model of craving is needed that uses a common language an d standardized measures. The new conceptual model must fully integrate disc overies from cellular biology, neuroscience, animal and human laboratory, c ognitive-behavioral social learning and socio-cultural disciplines. A trans disciplinary synthesis can then guide methods and measurement development. Mapping the structural pathways and interactions among mediators and modera tors of craving will improve the diagnostic and prognostic tools in order t o inform new treatments and prevention strategies.