H. Rao et al., Embeddedness, social identity and mobility: Why firms leave the NASDAQ andjoin the New York Stock Exchange, ADM SCI QUA, 45(2), 2000, pp. 268-292
Organizations derive their social identity from membership in formal groups
and strive to maintain a positive social identity. When their social ident
ity is threatened and group boundaries are permeable, organizations defect
to other groups. This paper suggests that organizations receive identity-di
screpant cues when in-group members defect to an out-group, but how organiz
ations respond to such cues hinges on their social affiliations to the in-g
roup, out-group, and defectors. A study of organizations that migrated from
the NASDAQ stock market to the New York Stock Exchange reveals that strong
ties to in-group members (NASDAQ members) reduced the impact of identity-d
iscrepant cues and diminished defections. Conversely, strong ties to out-gr
oup members (NYSE members) enhanced the impact of identity-discrepant cues
and increased defection. Proximity to defectors increased cross-overs-organ
izations followed defectors to whom they had direct ties. implications for
the study of embeddedness are outlined.