The management of Helicobacter pylori infection in primary care: a systematic review of the literature

Objective. The aim of the present study was to provide evidence from the li terature to inform the production of guidelines by the European Society for Primary Care Gastroenterology (ESPCG) for the management of Helicobacter p ylori infection in primary care. Methods. A systematic review was conducted, searching MEDLINE, EM BASE and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was designed to answer a number of questions: the role of H.pylori in the aetiology of peptic ulcer diseas e (PUD), gastric cancer (GC), non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and oesophagitis; n on-invasive testing for H.pylori and post-treatment testing; eradication th erapy; and cost issues. Selection of records concentrated on the highest qu ality studies, i.e. systematic reviews, meta-analyses and cost analyses. Results. Helicobacter pylori infection is a causal factor in PUD and GC but not in NUD or oesophagitis. Serological tests and urea breath tests (UBTs) can be used for the detection of H.pylori, but UBT is the preferred choice for post-treatment testing. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)based triple regime ns are the preferred eradication therapy. Eradication therapy is more cost- effective than long-term maintenance therapy. Conclusions. Strong evidence is available for answering questions on the ae tiology of stomach ulcers and GU, eradication therapies and cost issues. We aker evidence is available for answering the questions on the aetiology of NUD and non-invasive testing. No evidence is available for answering the qu estion on the role of H.pylori in the aetiology of oesophagitis.