Extended genioplasty: long-term cephalometric, morphometric and sensory results

The incision, dissection, osteotomy design and fixation are important techn ical considerations when performing a genioplasty. The purpose of this stud y was to describe an extended genioplasty technique and to evaluate stabili ty of position, form, surface area of the chin and incidence of postoperati ve sensory deficit. Records of 15 consecutive adult patients who underwent the extended genioplasty procedure were reviewed. The technique included in cision in the labial vestibule from 2nd premolar to 2nd premolar, dissectio n, mobilization and retraction of the mental nerves, osteotomy parallel to the occlusal plane extending proximally to the antegonial notch and rigid f ixation. Lateral cephalograms pre- and postoperatively and at the latest fo llow-up (> 6 months) were analyzed by linear and computer morphometric meas urements to evaluate changes in position, shape and surface area of the chi n. Neurosensory data from examination or questionnaire were recorded. Immed iately postoperatively (T-1), mean advancement in the sagittal plane was +8 .7 mm and increase in surface area was +1.1 cm(2). At the end of follow-up (T-2), there were no significant changes (T-2-T-1) in chin position or surf ace area. Inferior border form was rated as smooth in all cases. Neurosenso ry evaluation revealed that 12/12 patients evaluated had functional sensory return at T-2.