The theological doctrine of biblical inerrancy is the intellectual basis fu
r modern creation science. Yet Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield of Princeton
Theological Seminary, the theologian who more than any other defined modern
biblical inerrancy, was throughout his life open to the possibility of evo
lution and at some points an advocate of the theory. Throughout a long care
er Warfield published a number of major papers on these subjects, including
studies of Darwin's religious life, on the theological importance of the a
ge of humanity (none) and the unity of the human species (much), and on Cal
vin's understanding of creation as proto-evolutionary. He also was an engag
ed reviewer of many of his era's important hooks by scientists, theologians
, and historians who wrote on scientific research in relation to traditiona
l Christianity. Exploration of Warfield's writing on science generally and
evolution in particular retrieves for historical consideration an important
defender of mediating positions in the supposed war between science and re
ligion.