Both protein kinase a and mitogen-activated protein kinase are required inthe amygdala for the macromolecular synthesis-dependent late phase of long-term potentiation
Yy. Huang et al., Both protein kinase a and mitogen-activated protein kinase are required inthe amygdala for the macromolecular synthesis-dependent late phase of long-term potentiation, J NEUROSC, 20(17), 2000, pp. 6317-6325
The lateral amygdala (LA) is thought to be critical for the specific acquis
ition of conditioned fear, and the emotionally charged memories related to
fear are thought to require a form of synaptic plasticity related to long-t
erm potentiation (LTP). Is LTP in the lateral amygdala enduring, and, if so
, does it require gene expression and the synthesis of new protein? Using b
rain slices, we have examined the molecular-signaling pathway of LTP in the
cortico-amygdala and the thalamo-amygdala pathways. We find that a single
high-frequency train of stimuli induces a transient LTP (E-LTP); by contras
t, five repeated high-frequency trains induce an enduring late phase of LTP
(L-LTP), which is dependent on gene expression and on new protein synthesi
s. In both pathways the late phase of LTP is mediated by protein kinase A (
PKA) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Application of the adenyl
yl cyclase activator forskolin induced L-LTP in both pathways, and this pot
entiation is blocked by inhibitors of protein synthesis. The late phase of
LTP also is modulated importantly by beta-adrenergic agonists. An inhibitor
of beta-adrenergic receptors blocks L-LTP; conversely, application of a be
ta-adrenergic agonist induces the L-LTP. Immunocytochemical studies show th
at both repeated tetanization and application of forskolin stimulate the ph
osphorylation of cAMP response element-binding proteins (CREB) in cells of
the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. These results suggest that PKA and MAP
K are critical for the expression of a persistent phase of LTP in the later
al amygdala and that this late component requires the synthesis of new prot
ein and mRNA.