Evaluating mechanical adhesion of sol-gel titanium dioxide coatings containing calcium phosphate for metal implant application

The adhesion of thin (< 10 mu m) sol-gel calcium phosphate-titanium dioxide films bonded to a titanium substrate was studied using two different tests : a rotating-bending test and a tensile bond test. The former evaluates the impact of both the coating procedure and the surface pre-treatment on the resistance to fatigue of the substrate as well as the adhesion of the coati ng; the latter measures the tensile adhesion strength of the coating. Both tests gave similar results. A reduction of the thickness of the coating or an increase of the roughness of the substrate improves the quality of the i nterface. A comparison of the adhesion of the calcium phosphate-titanium di oxide film with that of a pure calcium phosphate coating obtained by a simi lar route suggests the involvement of a chemical component in the binding. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.