Diet and benign ovarian tumors (United States)

Objectives. The relation between benign ovarian tumors (BOTs) and nutrients , primarily dietary fat, was examined using case-control data. Methods: 746 cases were diagnosed from 1 January 1992 to 31 December 1993. The 404 age- and hospital frequency-matched community controls were identif ied by random digit dialing. Six hundred seventy-three cases and 351 contro ls provided dietary information. Results: The risk of BOTs was elevated for the highest vs. lowest quartile of intake of total, vegetable, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsatura ted fat. The corresponding age-, hospital-, total energy-, and body mass in dex-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are 1.3 ( 0.9-1.9), 1.7 (1.2-2.5), 1.2 (0.8-1.8), 1.3 (0.9-1.8), and 1.6 (1.1-2.3). A fter adjustment for polyunsaturated fat, the risk of BOTs only remained ele vated for vegetable fat (highest vs. lowest quartile OR and 95% CI = 1.4 (0 .8-2.3)). Elevated risks were observed for higher intakes of polyunsaturate d fat with endometrioid, serous, and teratoma tumors. Higher intakes of veg etable fat, adjusted for polyunsaturated fat, increased the risk of endomet rioid, mucinous, and serous tumors. Only the risk of serous BOTs was consis tently lower for higher intakes of micronutrients, with the strongest reduc tion observed for sources of vitamin A. Estimates were not confounded by no n-nutrient covariates. Conclusions: Polyunsaturated and vegetable fat may increase the risk of BOT s, while vitamin A may lower the risk of serous BOTs; however, these findin gs and lack of associations for other nutrients should be replicated.