Remnant-like particle cholesterol levels in Korean patients with coronary artery disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Several studies have provided evidence that the remnants of lipoproteins ma y be the atherogenic components of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The purp ose of this study was to investigate whether the remnant-like particle chol esterol (RLP-C) is an independent risk factor far coronary artery disease ( CAD) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Korean popu lation and to explore the relationship between RLP-C and other biochemical markers as well as the apolipoprotein (apo) E genotypes. Lipid and lipoprot eins including RLP-C and apo E genotypes were analyzed in 98 normal adults (control group), 68 patients with CAD (CAD group), 88 patients with NIDDM ( DM group), and 19 patients with both CAD and NDDM (CAD + DM group). RLP-C l evels were significantly higher in the DM (p < 0.0001), CAD (p = 0.0012) an d the CAD + DM groups (p = 0.0184) than in the controls. To determine which variable could discriminate most effectively and independently among the d ifferent groups, stepwise linear discriminant analysis was performed for al l the variables that showed p < 0.15 by un-variate analysis. RLP-C was sele cted as an independent discriminator between the control and patient groups . RLP-C levels showed a strong positive correlation with trigylceride level s in the control, CAD and DM groups (r = 0.783, r = 0.610 and r = 0.746, re spectively). In overall groups, apo epsilon 4 and epsilon 2 carrier genotyp es showed a significant increase in RLP-C levels compared with epsilon 3/3 wild-type (p = 0.0085). After adjusting for the effect of apo E genotypes, a significant increase of the RLP-C levels in the disease groups remained. In conclusion, RLP-C was determined to be an independent risk factor in Kor ean patients with CAD and NIDDM and showed a strong correlation with trigly ceride levels. We suggest that the increased cardiovascular risk associated with the epsilon 4 and epsilon 2 allele may be mediated by more atherogeni c RLP-C.