Synthetic aperture imaging is treated as a confocal process. The point-spre
ad function of the synthetic aperture process is narrower than that of conv
entional imaging by a factor of 0.5, whereas the conventional confocal proc
ess offers resolution improvement of a factor of 0.72. The resolution in th
e regime between conventional confocal and conventional synthetic aperture
is explored by computer simulation. Also, experimental results are given. (
C) 1999 Optical Society of America [S0740-3232(99)00412-3].