T. Goto et al., Bispectral analysis of the electroencephalogram does not predict responsiveness to verbal command in patients emerging from xenon anaesthesia, BR J ANAEST, 85(3), 2000, pp. 359-363
Citations number
13
Categorie Soggetti
Aneshtesia & Intensive Care","Medical Research Diagnosis & Treatment
The bispectral index (BIS) is derived empirically from the electroencephalo
gram database of patients receiving common anaesthetics, but it may not be
valid for uncommon agents. Therefore, we investigated how xenon affects the
BIS. Nine and I I patients were anaesthetized with 0.8 of the minimal alve
olar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane (0.92%) and xenon (56%), respectivel
y. After the end of operation, these concentrations were decreased in decre
ments of 0.1 MAC (isoflurane 0.12% or xenon 7%) and each new concentration
was maintained for 15 min. This was repeated until the patient first opened
her eyes or squeezed the investigator's hand on command. Isoflurane and xe
non at 0.8 MAC reduced the BIS to a median of 40 (range 36-53) and 36 (30-6
1), respectively. With decreasing concentrations of isoflurane, the BIS inc
reased progressively and it reached a median of 96 (90-98) when the patient
s awoke. In contrast, four patients receiving xenon responded to verbal com
mand while the BIS was below 50 [median 45 (range 41-49)]. The remaining se
ven patients in the xenon group awoke when their BIS was greater than 80 [m
edian 96 (range 82-98)], but in four of them the BIS was no greater than 50
when the xenon concentration was only 0.1 MAC (7%) higher than that associ
ated with awakening. We conclude that low BIS values (<50) do not guarantee
adequate hypnosis during xenon anaesthesia.