Psychosocial interventions for individuals with dementia: An integration of theory, therapy, and a clinical understanding of dementia

We reviewed six psychosocial interventions for individuals with dementia. I nterventions are described in terms of theoretical basis, how knowledge abo ut dementia is incorporated, techniques, and empirical support. Psychodynam ic approaches appear helpful for understanding intrapsychic concerns of dem ented individuals. Support groups and cognitive/behavioral therapy assist e arly stage individuals to build coping strategies and reduce distress. Remi niscence and life review provide mild to moder-ate stage individuals with i nterpersonal connections. Behavioral approaches and memory training target specific cognitive and behavioral impairments and help to optimize remainin g abilities. Reality orientation reflects a similar goal, yet is probably m ore useful for its interpersonal functions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.