Immunoperoxidase technique for detecting spirochetes in tissue sections: comparison with other methods

Background With the increasing incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (H IV) infection and immunosuppressive therapy, the incidence of syphilis has been increasing. Given the fact that the above conditions may mask or obscu re the usual clinical signs and symptoms of syphilis, a means of enhanced d etection is essential. Aims and methods The purpose of this study was to determine whether an immu noperoxidase method using an antibody against treponemes would increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis in biopsies of patients with seco ndary syphilis. This was compared to serology and silver stain in cases of known syphilis. Results Immunoperoxidase for treponemes was at least as sensitive (9/10) as pathology (9/10), and more sensitive than conventional silver stain (6/10) or serology (7/10). Conclusions In those equivocal cases of secondary syphilis, where confirmat ion is essential, immunoperoxidase for treponemes may be a useful adjunct.