Direct and indirect electrokinetic effect inducing a forced convection. EKHD and MHD transfer functions

Electrolytic currents increase due to convective mass-transport effects whe never a tangential electric field is superimposed along a working electrode . Such a tangential component may be readily obtained by means of a non-equ ipotential electrode or, more indirectly, induced by a magnetic field. In b oth cases, the effects are analysed under stationary or dynamic conditions, and transfer functions are derived which provide additional tools for the impedance analysis of interfacial processes.