The bovine tubercle bacillus has always been eclipsed by the much higher in
cidence and the social and economic importance of its human cousin, as well
as by the clinical unimportance of differentiating between the two. Nevert
heless, in view of the resurgence of tuberculosis generally, the increase i
n the number of immunosuppressed individuals (i.e. the AIDS epidemic) and t
he 'great badger debate', there is renewed interest in it. Briefly, this re
view explores the history of Mycobacterium bovis and its potential for tran
smission between cattle and humans.