Social-cognitive predictors of health behavior: Action self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy

The effects of social-cognitive variables on preventive nutrition and behav ioral intentions were studied in 580 adults at 2 points in time. The author s hypothesized that optimistic sell-beliefs operate in 2 phases and made a distinction between action self-efficacy (preintention) and coping self-eff icacy (postintention). Risk perceptions, outcome expectancies, and action s elf-efficacy were specified as predictors of the intention at Wave 1. Behav ioral intention anl coping self-efficacy served as mediators linking the 3 predictors with low-fat and high-fiber dietary intake 6 months later at Wav e 2. Covariance structure analysis yielded a good model fit for the total s ample and 6 subsamples created by a median split of 3 moderators: gender, a ge, and body weight. Parameter estimates differed between samples; the impo rtance of perceived self-efficacy increased with age;and weight.