Mm. Gomez et al., Dye-sensitized nanocrystalline titanium-oxide-based solar cells prepared by sputtering: Influence of the substrate temperature during deposition, J PHYS CH B, 104(36), 2000, pp. 8712-8718
Nanocrystalline titanium oxide films were prepared by DC magnetron sputteri
ng onto SnO2:F-coated glass substrates kept at temperatures in the 50 < tau
(s) < 300 degrees C range. Dye sensitization in cis-dithiocyanato-bis(2,2'-
bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate) ruthenium(II) yielded solar cells with a conv
ersion efficiency eta. The dye incorporation was dependent upon tau(s), and
an optimum value of eta = 1.7% was found with similar to 0.8-mu m-thick ti
tanium oxide films prepared at 250 degrees C. The microstructure then displ
ayed a well-defined parallel penniform pattern, and the luminous transmitta
nce was 42%. The crystallite size was substantially enlarged at tau(s) > 25
0 degrees C, and eta showed an ensuing decrease.