Functional profile of the giant metacerebral neuron of Helix aspersa: temporal and spatial dynamics of electrical activity in situ

1. Understanding the biophysical properties of single neurons and how they process information is fundamental to understanding how the brain works. Ho wever, action potential initiation and the preceding integration of the syn aptic signals in neuronal processes of individual cells are complex and dif ficult to understand in the absence of detailed, spatially resolved measure ments. Multi-site optical recording with voltage-sensitive dyes from indivi dual neurons in situ was used to provide these kinds of measurements. We an alysed in detail the pattern of initiation and propagation of spikes evoked synaptically in an identified snail (Helix aspersa) neuron in situ. 2. Two main spike trigger zones were identified. The trigger zones were act ivated selectively by different sets of synaptic inputs which also produced different spike propagation patterns. 3. Synaptically evoked action potentials did not always invade all parts of the neuron. The conduction of the axonal spike was regularly blocked at pa rticular locations on neuronal processes. 4. The propagating spikes in some axonal branches consistently reversed dir ection at certain branch points, a phenomenon known as reflection. 5. These experimental results, when linked to a computer model, could allow a new level of analysis of the electrical structure of single neurons.