Electrical and optical properties of conducting polymer and carbons in nano-scale periodic structure and their intercalation effects

Nano-scale periodic structures of conducting polymer and carbons, which wer e prepared by infiltration of polymers and carbons in nano-scale interconne cted periodic pores in synthetic opals made of regular array of SiO2 sphere s and then removing SiO2 by etching, have been found to exhibit novel elect rical and optical properties. Their electrical and optical properties in th us fabricated conducting polymer and carbon replicas change drastically upo n pyrolysis due to progress of carbonization and graphitization. That is, d ue to the changes in periodicity, pore size, carbonization degree and cryst al structure, electrical conductivity, magnetoconductance and their tempera ture dependences and optical reflection spectra have changed drastically. T hese replicas with porous nature can be infiltrated and also intercalated w ith various materials, resulting in also remarkable changes of properties. The synthetic opal infiltrated with conducting polymer can be electrochemic ally doped, with which remarkable change of optical properties have been ob served due to the shift of the diffraction peak accompanying with the chang e in refractive index. Alkali metal intercalated carbon and graphite with n ano-scale periodic structures have been also studied. The applications of t hese nano-scale periodic structures of conducting polymer and carbon are al so discussed.