Valganciclovir results in improved oral absorption of ganciclovir in livertransplant recipients

The pharmacokinetics of an orally administered valine ester of ganciclovir (GCV), valganciclovir (VGC), were studied. These were compared to the pharm acokinetics of oral and intravenous GCV. Twenty-eight liver transplant reci pients received, in an open-label random order with a 3- to 7-day washout, each of the following: 1 g of oral GCV three times a day; 450 mg of VGC per os (p.o.) once a day (q.d.); 900 mg of VGC p.o. q.d.; and 5 mg of intraven ous (i.v.) GCV per kg of body weight q.d., given over 1 h. GCV and VGC conc entrations were measured in blood over 24 h. One-sided equivalence testing was performed to test for noninferiority of 450 mg of VGC relative to oral GCV (two-sided 90% confidence interval [CI] > 80%) and nonsuperiority of 90 0 mg of VGC relative to i.v. GCV (two-sided 90% CI < 125%). The exposure of 450 mg of VGC (20.56 (mu g . h/ml) was found to be noninferior to that of oral GCV (20.15 mu g . h/ml; 90% CI for relative bioavailability of 95 to 1 09%), and the exposure of 900 mg of VGC (42.69 mu g . h/ml) was found to be nonsuperior to that of i.v. GCV (47.61 mu g . h/ml; 90% CI = 83 to 97%). O ral VGC delivers systemic GCV exposure equivalent to that of standard oral GCV (at 450 mg) or i.v. GCV (at 900 mg of VGC). VGC has promise for effecti ve CMV prophylaxis or treatment with once-daily oral dosing in transplant r ecipients.