Identification of hybrid sterility gene loci in two cytoplasmic male sterile lines in rice

In hybrid rice (Oryza sativa I,.) breeding, spikelet sterility is a barrier to attaining enhanced heterosis in crosses between different groups or sub species of rice. Our objective was to identify the hybrid sterility gene lo ci (HSGLi) in two indica cytoplasmic male sterile A lines ('IR58025A' and ' IR62829A') and their corresponding maintainer B lines ('IR58025B' and 'IR62 829B'). To detect the HSGL, three testers, 'IR36' (indica cultivar), 'Dular ' (indica wide compatibility variety [WCV]) and 'Nekken 2' (japonica WCV) w ere crossed to the two groups in the form of IR36/WCV//B and A//IR36/WCV. T he level of spikelet fertility in the F-1 progeny of three-way crosses was differentiated by morphological and isozyme marker genes at the known HSGLi , S5, S7, S8, and S15 on chromosomes 6, 7, 6, and 12, respectively, and by two new HSGLi, on chromosomes 3 and 11. The levels of pollen fertility were differentiated by specific marker alleles among segregating genotypes in t he cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) background. The presence of marker allele s from IR36 was associated with high pollen fertility, while marker alleles from Dular and Nekken 2 were associated with low pollen fertility due to t he effect of HSGLi in the ems background. The effect of dominant and recess ive restorers from IR36 was not estimated due to lack of appropriate marker s. To alleviate problems of hybrid sterility, the level of sterility should be tested in crosses between maintainers and restorers before the former a re used for backcrossing to create new ems lines.