Polyester and ester functionalized dendrimers

Demand for smart and functional materials has raised the importance of the research of dendritic (Greek = tree-like) molecules in organic and polymer chemistry due to their novel physical and mechanical properties. The proper ties of linear polymers as well as small discrete molecules are combined in this new architectural class of macromolecules, that can be divided into t wo families: dendrimers and hyperbranched macromolecules, that differ in th eir branching sequences. Dendrimers contain symmetrically arranged branches emanating from a core molecule together with a well-defined number of end groups corresponding to each generation. This results in an almost monodisp erse three-dimensional globular shape providing internal niches capable of encapsulation of guest molecules or molecular recognition. Hyperbranched ma cromolecules, synthesized in one-step reactions, are randomly branched and contain more defects, i.e. linear and terminal segments, being less homogen ic than dendrimers. High chemical reactivity, low viscosity, high solubilit y and miscibility offer unique tools to modify and tailor properties in par ticular fields, such as adhesives and coatings, agrochemistry, catalysts, c hemical and biosensors, cosmetics, inks and toners,lubricants, magnetic res onance imaging agents, membranes, micelle and virus mimicking, molecular re cognition, nano devices, pharmaceuticals, self-organizing assemblies, therm oplastics and thermosets, and viscosity modifiers. A short introduction to the first dendritic molecules is accompanied by an illustrated review of dendrimers with polyester functions. In addition futu re aspects and developments are briefly discussed.