The performance of a simple microwave frequency reference based on Raman sc
attering in an atomic vapor is examined. This reference has the potential t
o be compact, low-power, and insensitive to acceleration. Several design ar
chitectures have been evaluated with a tabletop experiment in order to guid
e the future development of a compact system. Fractional frequency deviatio
ns of less than or equal to 5 X 10(-11) appear to be feasible.